1. Mpweya wa okosijeni mwa kutembenuza milu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga aerobic fermentation.Ntchito yayikulu yotembenuza:
① Perekani mpweya kuti ifulumizitse njira yowotchera ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono;②Sinthani kutentha kwa mulu;③Umitsa muluwo.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kuli kochepa, voliyumu ya mpweya wabwino sikokwanira kupereka mpweya wokwanira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zidzakhudza kukwera kwa kutentha kwa fermentation;ngati kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kuli kwakukulu, kutentha kwa mulu wa kompositi kumatha kutayika, zomwe zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa kusavulaza kwa fermentation.Nthawi zambiri, malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, muluwo umatembenuzidwa 2-3 pa nthawi nayonso mphamvu.
2. Zomwe zili mu organic matter zimakhudza kutentha kwa nkhokwe ndi mpweya wabwino komanso mpweya wabwino.
Zomwe zili muzinthu zamoyo ndizochepa kwambiri, kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuwonongeka sikokwanira kulimbikitsa ndi kusunga kuchulukana kwa mabakiteriya a thermophilic mu nayonso mphamvu, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuti mulu wa kompositi ufike pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimakhudza ukhondo ndi ukhondo. vuto lililonse nayonso mphamvu.Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu za organic, zimakhudza momwe feteleza amathandizira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwazinthu zofufumitsa.Ngati zomwe zili mu organic matter ndi zochuluka kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa okosijeni kudzafunika, zomwe zingayambitse zovuta pakutembenuza muluwo kuti mupeze mpweya, ndipo zingayambitse pang'ono mikhalidwe ya anaerobic chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa okosijeni.Zomwe zili bwino ndi organic matter ndi 20-80%.
3. Chiyerekezo chabwino kwambiri cha C/N ndi 25:1.
Mu fermentation, organic C amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati gwero lamphamvu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Zambiri za organic C zimakhala ndi okosijeni ndikuwola kukhala CO2 ndikusinthika panthawi ya kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, ndipo gawo la C limapanga ma cell a tinthu tating'onoting'ono.Nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ma protoplast, ndipo chiŵerengero choyenera kwambiri cha C/N ndi 4-30 malinga ndi zosowa zamagulu a tizilombo.Pamene chiŵerengero cha C/N cha zinthu zamoyo chili pafupi 10, zinthu zamoyo zimawola ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri.
Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiŵerengero cha C/N, nthawi yowotchera inali yotalikirapo.Pamene C/N chiŵerengero cha zopangira ndi 20, 30-50, 78, lolingana nayo nayonso mphamvu nthawi ndi za 9-12 masiku, 10-19 masiku, ndi masiku 21, koma pamene C/N chiŵerengero chachikulu kuposa 80. Pamene : 1, nayonso mphamvu ndiyovuta kuchita.
Chiŵerengero cha C/N cha fermentation iliyonse zopangira nthawi zambiri ndi: utuchi 300-1000, udzu 70-100, zopangira 50-80, manyowa a anthu 6-10, manyowa a ng'ombe 8-26, manyowa a nkhumba 7-15, manyowa a nkhuku 5 -10 , Sewage sludge 8-15.
Pambuyo pa kompositi, chiŵerengero cha C/N chidzakhala chotsika kwambiri kuposa chisanayambe kompositi, kawirikawiri 10-20:1.Mtundu woterewu wa C/N wowola ndi kupesa umakhala ndi feteleza wabwino paulimi.
4. Kaya chinyezi ndi choyenera chimakhudza mwachindunji liwiro la fermentation ndi mlingo wa kuwola.
Pakuwotchera kwa matope, chinyezi choyenera cha muluwo ndi 55-65%.Pogwira ntchito kwenikweni, njira yosavuta yodziwira ndi iyi: gwirani mwamphamvu ndi dzanja lanu kuti mupange mpira, ndipo padzakhala zizindikiro za madzi, koma ndi bwino kuti madzi asatuluke.Chinyezi choyenera kwambiri cha fermentation ya zopangira ndi 55%.
5. Granularity
Mpweya wofunikira kuti nayonso mphamvu umaperekedwa kudzera mu pores za tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta fermentation.The porosity ndi pore kukula zimadalira tinthu kukula ndi structural mphamvu.Monga mapepala, nyama ndi zomera, ndi nsalu za fiber, kachulukidwe kameneka kadzawonjezeka pamene madzi ndi kupanikizika, ndipo pores pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono timachepa kwambiri, zomwe sizingagwirizane ndi mpweya wabwino komanso mpweya wabwino.Kukula kwa tinthu koyenera nthawi zambiri ndi 12-60mm.
6. pH Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titha kuberekana mumtundu wokulirapo wa pH, ndipo pH yoyenera ndi 6-8.5.Nthawi zambiri palibe chifukwa chosinthira pH panthawi yoyatsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-27-2023
